FrOG Tech can help both producers and regulators to understand and manage all the subsurface and geological issues relating to CSG development. Depending on the stage of the CSG project, clients can opt for any or all of the products and services in the FrOG Tech approach.
1. SEEBASE™
Understand the basin from the bottom up. The shape, history and lithology of the basement is the key to understanding basin evolution and resource maturity. SEEBASE™ can be produced at the regional, basin or project scale.
2. Geofabric
Geofabric refers to the total set of knowledge concerning basement structure and composition, tectonics, fault geometry and timing, stratigraphy, lithology, facies architecture etc. In other words, anything that can the alter or control the movement of geofluids (oil and gas, groundwater, geothermal, carbon etc.) within the earth.
Key products from the geofabric include tops and bottom surfaces of all units; palaeo and present fractures, faults and stresses; lithology, permeability and porosity of key units (including away from control); and the location and boundaries of compartments.
3. Heatflow
Understanding the paleo and present heatflow in a basin will help to predict source maturity. After completing the geofabric, products from the heatflow workflow include, inferred basement heatflow, thermal conductivity and temperature modelling, measured temperature compilation and QC, prediction of source maturity and burial history modelling.
4. Detailed coal seam mapping
Defining and predicting the properties of the target coal seam away from control can help define the value of the CSG prospect as well as the exploitation/production strategy. FrOG Tech can map and model coal maturity, thickness, cleat development, methane adsorption and extent.
The production and disposal of co-produced water is emerging as one of the primary concerns of both government regulators and the public. There are general concerns about the total volume of co-produced water (and what to do with it), as well as local unease about changes in groundwater pressure and quality for nearby users. Understanding and predicting the volume and quality of co-produced water will help the CSG producer plan and engineer works, as well as staying ahead of the regulatory curve.
FrOG Tech can help producers and regulators predict methane saturation; model seam pressure and the volume of co-produced water; produce regional and project scale groundwater models and how to assign and mitigate risks.